The User Principal Name (UPN) attribute is an internet communication standard for user accounts. A UPN consists of a prefix (user account name) and a suffix (DNS domain name). The prefix joins the suffix using the "@" symbol. For example, [email protected]. Ensure the UPN is unique among security principal objects in a directory forest.

Note

This article assumes the UPN is the user identifier. It addresses UPN-change planning, and recovering from issues that might result from changes. For developers, we recommend you use the user objectID as the immutable identifier, rather than UPN or email addresses.

Sign-in pages often prompt users to enter an email address, when the value is their UPN. Therefore, change user UPN when their primary email address changes. User primary email address might change:

Change the prefix, suffix, or both.

We recommend you change user UPN when their primary email address changes. During initial synchronization from Active Directory to Azure AD, ensure user emails are identical to their UPNs.

In Active Directory, the default UPN suffix is the domain DNS name where you created the user account. In most cases, you register this domain name as the enterprise domain. If you create the user account in the contoso.com domain, the default UPN is: [email protected]. However, you can add more UPN suffixes by using Active Directory domains and trusts. Learn more: Add your custom domain name using the Azure portal.

For example, if you add labs.contoso.com and change the user UPNs and email to reflect that, the result is: [email protected].

Important

If you change the suffix in Active Directory, add and verify a matching custom domain name in Azure AD. Add your custom domain name using the Azure Active Directory portal

Users sign in to Azure AD with their userPrincipalName attribute value.

When you use Azure AD with on-premises Active Directory, user accounts are synchronized by using the Azure AD Connect service. The Azure AD Connect wizard uses the userPrincipalName attribute from the on-premises Active Directory as the UPN in Azure AD. You can change it to a different attribute in a custom installation.

Note

Define a process for when you update a User Principal Name (UPN) of a user, or for your organization.

When you synchronize user accounts from Active Directory to Azure AD, ensure the UPNs in Active Directory map to verified domains in Azure AD.

If the userPrincipalName attribute value doesn't correspond to a verified domain in Azure AD, synchronization replaces the suffix with .onmicrosoft.com.

Use our best practices to test bulk UPN changes. Have a tested roll-back plan for reverting UPNs if issues can't be resolved. After your pilot is running, target small user sets, with organizational roles, and sets of apps or devices. This process helps you understand the user experience. Include this information in your communications to stakeholders and users.

Learn more: Azure Active Directory deployment plans

Create a procedure to change UPNs for individual users. We recommend a procedure that includes documentation about known issues and workarounds.

Read the following sections for known issues and workarounds during UPN change.

Software as a service (SaaS) and line of business (LoB) applications often rely on UPNs to find users and store user profile information, including roles. Applications potentially affected by UPN changes use just-in-time (JIT) provisioning to create a user profile when users initially sign in to the app.

Learn more:

Changing user UPN can break the relationship between the Azure AD user and the user profile on the application. If the application uses JIT provisioning, it might create a new user profile. Then, the application administrator makes manual changes to fix the relationship.

Use automated app provisioning in Azure AD to create, maintain, and remove user identities in supported cloud applications. Configure automated user provisioning on your applications to update UPNs on the applications. Test the applications to validate they aren't affected by UPN changes. If you're a developer, consider adding SCIM support to your application to enable automatic user provisioning.

Learn more:

If you bring your devices to Azure AD, you maximize user productivity with single sign-on (SSO) across cloud and on-premises resources.

Learn more: What is a device identity?

Azure AD joined devices are joined to Azure AD. Users sign in to the device using their organization identity.

Learn more: Azure AD joined devices

Users might experience single sign-on issues with applications that depend on Azure AD for authentication. This issue was fixed in the Windows 10 May-2020 update (2004).

Allow enough time for the UPN change to sync to Azure AD. After you verify the new UPN appears in the Azure portal, ask the user to select the "Other user" tile to sign in with their new UPN. You can verify using PowerShell. See, Get-AzureADUser. After users sign in with a new UPN, references to the old UPN might appear on the Access work or school Windows setting.

Hybrid Azure AD joined devices are joined to Active Directory and Azure AD. You can implement Hybrid Azure AD join if your environment has an on-premises Active Directory footprint.

Learn more: Hybrid Azure AD joined devices

Windows 10 Hybrid Azure AD joined devices are likely to experience unexpected restarts and access issues. If users sign in to Windows before the new UPN synchronizes to Azure AD, or they continue using a Windows session, they might experience single sign-on (SSO) issues with apps that use Azure AD for authentication. This situation occurs if Conditional Access is configured to enforce the use of hybrid joined devices to access resources.

In addition, the following message can appear, which forces a restart after one minute:

Your PC will automatically restart in one minute. Windows ran into a problem and needs to restart. You should close this message now and save your work.

This issue was fixed in the Windows 10 May-2020 update (2004).

To unjoin a device from Azure AD, run the following command at a command prompt: dsregcmd/leave

Note

The user re-enrolls for Windows Hello for Business, if it's in use.

Tip

Windows 7 and 8.1 devices are not affected by this issue.

Your organization might use Mobile Application Management (MAM) to protect corporate data in apps on user devices. MAM app protection policies aren't resilient during UPN changes, which can break the connection between MAM enrollments and active users in MAM integrated applications. This scenario could leave data in an unprotected state.

Learn more:

IT admins can wipe data from affected devices, after UPN changes. This forces users to reauthenticate and reenroll with new UPNs.

Learn more: How to wipe only corporate data from Intune-managed apps

Your organization might require the Microsoft Authenticator app to sign in and access applications and data. Although a username might appear in the app, the account isn't a verification method until the user completes registration.

Learn more: How to use the Microsoft Authenticator app

Microsoft Authenticator app has four main functions:

Use the Microsoft Authenticator app for out-of-band verification. Instead of an automated phone call, or SMS, to the user during sign-in, MFA pushes a notification to the Microsoft Authenticator app on the user device. The user selects Approve, or the user enters a PIN or biometric and selects Authenticate.

Learn more: How it works: Azure AD Multi-Factor Authentication

Known issues

When you change user UPN, the old UPN appears on the user account and notification might not be received. Use verification codes.

Learn more: Common questions about the Microsoft Authenticator app

Workaround

If notification appears, instruct the user to dismiss it, open the Authenticator app, select Check for notifications and approve the MFA prompt. The UPN on the account updates. Note the updated UPN might appear as a new account. This change is due to other Authenticator functionality. For more information, see the known issues in this article.

On Android and iOS. brokers like Microsoft Authenticator enable:

In addition, applications can participate in other features:

Due to a mismatch, between the login_hint passed by the application and the UPN stored on the broker, the user experiences more interactive authentication prompts on new applications that use broker-assisted sign-in.

The user manually removes the account from Microsoft Authenticator and starts a new sign-in from a broker-assisted application. The account is added after initial authentication.

The Microsoft Authenticator app registers the device in Azure AD, which allows the device to authenticate to Azure AD. This registration is a requirement for:

If you change UPN, a new account with the new UPN appears on the Microsoft Authenticator app. The account with the old UPN remains listed. Also, the old UPN appears on the Device Registration section in app settings. There's no change in functionality of Device Registration or dependant scenarios.

To remove references to the old UPN on the Microsoft Authenticator app, the user removes the old and new accounts from Microsoft Authenticator, re-registers for MFA, and rejoins the device.

User phone sign-in for users to sign in to Azure AD without a password. To enable this feature, the user registers for MFA using the Authenticator app and then enables phone sign-in on Authenticator. The device registers with Azure AD.

Users can't use phone sign-in because they don't receive notification. If the user selects Check for Notifications, an error appears.

The user selects the drop-down menu on the account enabled for phone sign-in. Next, the user selects Disable phone sign-in. Phone sign-in can be re-enabled.

When multiple users are registered on the same key, the sign-in screen shows account selection where the old UPN appears. Sign-in with security keys isn't affected by UPN changes.

To remove references to old UPNs, users reset the security key and re-register.

Learn more: Enable passwordless security key sign-in, Known issue, UPN changes

OneDrive users are known to experience issues after UPN changes.

Learn more: How UPN changes affect the OneDrive URL and OneDrive features

Use Teams Meeting Notes to take and share notes.

When a user UPN changes, meeting notes created under the old UPN are not accessible with Microsoft Teams or the Meeting Notes URL.

After the UPN change, users can recover meeting notes by downloading them from OneDrive

New meeting notes created after the UPN change aren't affected.